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  1. Default Voltage Regulators

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    Hello,

    I’m trying to better understand how voltage regulators work. We have some at our substations that are 32 step voltage regulators connected to each phase. We also have them out on our poles. These voltage regulators regulate the secondary voltage and are set with a fixed output voltage of 122V and a time delay of 30s.

    What I’m trying to understand is how do they sense when the secondary voltage drops or rises? The ones at our substation are connected to each phase, our system is 13.2kV phase to phase. If it’s connected to the 13.2kV system how does it sense when the secondary drops or rises if it’s connected to the primary feeder and not secondary?

    Very new to all of this and still learning.

    Thanks!

  2. #2

    Default voltage regulators

    inside the regulator is a small, 63:1 transformer (7620 to 120) which will tell the regulator what the output voltage is on the secondary side. you set the operating voltage settings to a high and low voltage, usually 122v on the high side to 118v on the low side. when the voltage from that small transformer falls below 118v, a relay will tell the regulator to operate to raise the voltage back into the "normal" range. If the output voltage of the transformer goes above 122v, a relay will reduce the voltage back into range.
    They usually have a 30 second delay in operating to prevent them from regulating on short demand signals from the relays.

  3. #3

    Default Compensation settings for Regulators

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    With your 32 step regulators there are compensation settings that are inputted for the regulator to compare to. These are design settings for the type of lines and loads the regulator is trying to adjust line voltage to. The internal compensation is comparing wire reactions reactance, resistances and physical designs of the position in the circuitry. These are generally given to the crew when installing by the engineers. The knobs are set and it effects the metering circuit that causes the reactions up or down as mentioned before. A rule of thumb I used to was if the circuit is 13 KV heavily loaded then thirteen miles away the wire losses are looking for help so regulators or capacitors are the two toys used to assist. This would true for many lines rural as well.

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